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People resort to violence for all kinds of reasons. In the 19th century American West, how did a gambling debt escalate so quickly into a shootout in the middle of the town square? The following is an edited version of that conversation.
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the reality), how the West is a window into American history, and the importance of Yale collections. Faragher answered questions about gunfights in the American West (particularly the myths vs. Lamar Center for the Study of Frontiers and Borders, which is celebrating its 15 th anniversary. Lamar Professor of History and American Studies, and director of the Howard R. YaleNews spoke to John Mack Faragher ‘77 Ph.D., the Howard R. The Yale University Art Gallery has numerous images of the American West by artists such as Frederic Remington and Albert Bierstadt. Hickok presented it to William Green, his advance agent and manager for the “Wild West Show.” A photo of his grave is in an album at the Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, which has an internationally renowned Collection of Western Americana. 44 caliber six-shot repeater made of polished bare steel with round-ended ebony butt plates. The Peabody Museum of Natural History houses another one of Wild Bill’s pistols (not used in the Tutt gunfight), a. According to Storing, Hickok’s “nose, ears, mustache, and arms have been carried home by Eastern enthusiasts and this iron fence was built for his protection.” Yale Collection of Western Americana, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library. Wild Bill’s cards at the time of his death - aces and eights - are today known as a “Dead Man’s Hand.” Photograph of James Hickok’s grave in Mount Moriah Cemetery in Deadwood, South Dakota, from an album by Ethel Pearl Storing, created in 1898. He died immediately, though his killer, Jack McCall, later bragged that he had beat Hickok in a fair gunfight. 2, 1876, when he was shot in the back of the head while playing poker at Nuttal & Mann’s Saloon in Deadwood, Dakota Territory (now South Dakota). He went on to have a short-lived career as a lawman in Kansas, befriended other renowned figures of the Wild West such as Calamity Jane and Buffalo Bill Cody, became a dime novel hero, married a circus proprietor, and continued his gambling career. The shootout launched Wild Bill’s fame as a gunman. The charge was later reduced to manslaughter, but the jury found that Hickok acted in self-defense and he was acquitted. Tutt staggered and fell, shot through the heart, and Hickok was soon arrested and charged with murder. It’s written that they were facing side-on, dueling fashion, almost 100 paces apart, with Hickok using his Colt Navy. Exactly how far apart they were and what guns were used are not definitely known. The two began to cross the square toward one another, drawing their pistols. Wild Bill appeared at the other end of the square and warned Tutt not to come any further. While the details of what happened the next day on July 21, 1865, are not entirely clear, historians agree that Tutt showed up in the town square in front of the courthouse around 6 p.m. Orr noted that Tutt later raised his price to $45. Hickok warned Tutt against such a foolish action. It was at this point that Tutt took Hickok’s gold Waltham watch from the table and said he would keep it until the debt was paid. Hickok disagreed with this second claim, saying he only owed Tutt $25.
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Tutt then claimed another $35 debt owed from a previous game. Tutt called in a past debt of $45 on the spot from Hickok, who promptly paid up. A successful gambler, Wild Bill won nearly $200 that night, which angered his one-time associate even more. According to an account by a witness who called himself “Captain Honesty,” Tutt retaliated that evening by giving money to every other man around the table playing against Hickok. Hickok and Tutt had known each other for years, but there had been a falling out and Wild Bill refused to play cards with Tutt. The former Confederate soldier and gambler was shot down by James Butler “Wild Bill” Hickok 150 years ago in Springfield, Missouri, in what is today recognized as the first quick-draw gunfight of the American West.Įvents leading up to the legendary shootout began the night before with a dispute over a gambling debt. Yale Collection of Western Americana, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library in New York published by the State Historical Society of Wisconsin. Postcard of James Butler (Wild Bill) Hickok, by the Arthur Jaff Heliochrome Co. Davis Tutt shouldn’t have taken Wild Bill’s watch.